Though it runs counter to the official French and Islamophobic narrative, news sources probing the background of Mohamed Lahouaiej Bouhlel, the Nice attacker, are finding little evidence he was motivated by jihadism. Rather, he was a violent, but petty criminal who made his living as a bisexual prostitute on the French Riviera.
UPDATE: a long-time French reader of this blog has provided some important new information. She believes the Daily Beast report that Bouhlel was a prostitute may not be accurate. She has not read this in any French publication. She has read that he was essentially a sex addict, obsessed by conquests of both men and women. A man so brutal to his wife that, to her credit, she threw him out.
The wife called him “an atheist.” He drank alcohol and ate pork. Never celebrated Ramadan or attended any mosque. His father confirmed that while he had been a brilliant student as a youth, he began to see a psychiatrist at age 19. He clearly, according to these French sources, had “mental problems.”
French sociologist, Farhad Khosrokhavar, a specialist in Islamic radicalisation, told French media that this is NOT a case of religious radicalisation or even terrorism: he, in fact, compared him to the Orlando shooter, Omar Mateen, and particularly to the German pilot Andreas Lubitz, who crashed his plane in a suicidal act. They were all mentally ill, clinically depressed, and possibly seeking post-mortem fame.
While the French prime minister quickly claimed the killings were “somehow” or other associated with Islamism, he offered no concrete evidence. Nor did the interior minister, who said the suspect was completely unknown to intelligence agencies. The killer never frequented mosques or had any religious affiliation. The online Islamophobe mafia claims he shouted Islamist slogans as he mowed people down in the street. But no credible media or official source has confirmed this. ISIS has claimed him as one of their own, but they too have offered no videotape of him acknowledging allegiance.
It’s too early to know for sure his precise motives, or combination of motives. But one thing is for sure, the French President and prime minister misspoke when they almost immediately, and with little evidence, declared the attack the work of ISIS.
This is a common human fault: when a tragedy occurs, rather than wait for evidence and solid proof, we fall back on conventional wisdom. We turn to old narratives which were true in the past. Jumping to conclusions often sends investigators in the wrong direction and heaps blame on innocent people, who themselves become victims. It does little to help us understand new realities.
Let’s be clear about what I’m saying and not saying. I am not discounting the phenomenon of jihadi terror. We have seen too many examples of it to deny its existence. But I am saying that Muslims have become the punching bag du jour in the West. As soon as an attack has a Muslim perpetrator, people leap to conclusions. When in truth, Muslims have as many motives for engaging in desperate violent acts as any human being.
Remember the Orlando shooting? Everyone assumed he was an Islamist. But he wasn’t. He was a confused, closeted homosexual frustrated by his sexuality and unable to come to terms with it.
We are entering new, uncharted territory when it comes to such inexplicable acts of savagery. Instead of the typical narrative of the marginalized immigrant transformed into the radicalized jihadi, we now have young, impulsive, mentally imbalanced males with a varied list of grievances. Their dissatisfaction may embrace violent fundamentalism, or it may involve primarily personal demons. But all of them are united in their transfer of personal demons into the public realm. They somehow believe society is responsible for these traumas and take revenge on it for their pain and suffering. These mass killers may have elements of conventional terrorist motives, but there is a personal element that resonates for them just as strongly.
U.S. Police Shootings
The recent Dallas and Baton Rouge police murders display a different motivation, but one that will resonate here in America for some time to come. Though it may not be popular to say so, American police have killed thousands of unarmed Blacks and other minorities over the past decades. The police, until this past year, almost never faced consequences for this reckless behavior.
With the advent of smartphones and video, Americans have become far more aware of these injustices. But the police have been largely unwilling or unable to adapt to these changing circumstances. They continue to treat the public, at least the minority public, as the enemy. American police need to be held accountable and need to understand that any time they attack an unarmed civilian they will be held accountable.
If local or state police and political leaders are slow to absorb this message, then the federal government must step in. The Justice Department should investigate every police attack on unarmed civilians (those not engaged in a criminal act when stopped by police). This may be the only way to restrain police and change behavior.
If we do anything less, even more policemen will be killed in these savage attacks. Murdering police is despicable and wrong. It is the act of a deranged anti-social criminal. But the motivations of these men resonate among communities under attack. Stop killing young Blacks for no reason or we will see more of this in the future.
Baton Rouge’s policing strategy is the exact opposite of what’s called for in reducing hate and mistrust of the police:
Police departments have received waves of criticism…for using military-grade equipment in relatively benign situations, and recent protests in Baton Rouge have reignited the debate over the role of such hardware in American policing.
Photographs and video shot over the weekend show Baton Rouge police, sheriff’s deputies and other law enforcement officers clad in body armor and gas masks and wielding semiautomatic rifles. In one sequence, riot police and SWAT officers flank an armored vehicle as it eases through a relatively peaceful crowd, a scene that looks similar to a military patrol through a hostile city.
…According to Jason Fritz, a former Army officer and an international policing operations analyst, the resurgence of military equipment and heavy-handed tactics in Baton Rouge is the byproduct of a state-centric approach to policing, one of the two policing philosophies most commonly seen in the United States.
In Baton Rouge’s case, Fritz says, the police are there to disperse protesters…
Officers in Baton Rouge “want to play soldier,” said Brandon Friedman, a former Army infantry officer who served in Iraq and Afghanistan…
“These cops clearly don’t have good relationships with their own community. They feel like the answer to this is to come down with the boot,” Friedman said. “It’s an entirely ineffective way to deal with it.”
Friedman compared the Baton Rouge police’s response to the protests to his time conducting counterinsurgency operations in Iraq. The units that tried to meet civil uprisings with force usually found themselves in a “downward spiral” when it came to gaining the community’s trust.
“Units that strove to have good relationships with the community usually incurred more risks but generally had a better outcome,” Friedman said. “Baton Rouge is making a lot of mistakes, and they look ridiculous.”
After Baton Rouge’s police murdered Alton Sterling and followed that by violently attacking and beating 200 unarmed non-violent protesters, a Black man decided to exact revenge. That’s when three police officers were murdered. The police chief there learned no lessons from what happened–or learned the wrong lessons:
“We’ve been questioned for…our militarized tactics and our militarized law enforcement,” he said. “This is why. Because we are up against a force that is not playing by the rules. … They didn’t play by the rules in Dallas and they didn’t play by the rules here.
“We don’t ever want to use it but we have to have the ability to use it when we needed it, and we needed it here,” he said. “As several have said, this guy was going to another location. He was not going to stop here. After he was finished here I have no doubt he was heading to our headquarters and he was going to take more lives.
“Our militarized tactics, as they’re being called, saved lives here.”
That analysis is precisely backwards. You must solve the problem by not killing innocent, unarmed civilians. If you do that you will not provoke their hate and you will face extremely rare threats. If you develop a case of amnesia which causes you to forget that you provoked the populace by killing them, then you can emphasize the outcome, and how you need to protect yourself from killers among the populace with armored personnel vehicles, tanks, body armor and gas. If your relationship with your community is one in which you are adversaries, then the police and everyone loses. In Baton Rouge, everyone loses with a police approach enunciated by its chief. Policemen die, civilians die, and innocent protesters end up beaten to a bloody pulp for exercising their constitutional rights.
Knife Intifada
This is not unlike the Knife Intifada under way in Israel-Palestine. Young Palestinians see thousands of their country men and women gunned down by Israeli soldiers and police. They see no one held accountable. They feel impotent in the face of this savage Israeli onslaught. They have no hope of change since their own Palestinian Authority has no power or leverage either with Israel or the world community. The only outlet they have is–the knife.
Like some of the attacks mentioned above, these are random, spontaneous acts of personal rage with a political overtones. The solution is not to blame Facebook or PA incitement as the Israeli dar-right leadership has done, but to search for the cause in the hopelessness of their condition. A hopelessness that derives from Israeli mass violence and rejection of a negotiated compromise solution offering Palestinians real, full national rights. Fix this and you end the motivation for Palestinian terror. Leave it to fester, and you risk turning random acts of violence into a mass uprising in which thousands more may die.
” “” The only outlet they have is–the knife. ”
Not so. There are alternatives that don’t involve killing innocents.
http://www.savetibet.org/resources/fact-sheets/self-immolations-by-tibetans/
@ Trippin’ Jon: So you think Palestinians should become Buddhists and adopt Tibetan methods of political protest? Why? Because you say so? Chutzpah.
Please don’t put words in my mouth. I’m a better wordsmith than you and I don’t need your help.
Non violent people, be they Classic Greek, Buddhist or Quaker, can protest or resist an occupation by means other than killing the occupier. i.e., protest by public suicide.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trial_of_Socrates
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Norman_Morrison
@ Trippin’ Jon: Did you really say you’re a “wordsmith?” No one’s used that word in a serious vein in decades. Anyone who would use a quaint, overblown word like “wordsmith” to trumpet their writing skills either has an overblown ego; or is living in a long-ago era.
Palestinians don’t face the enemies that Buddhists, Quakers or ancient Greeks faced. They face F-16s, Apache helicopter gunships, & killer drones. Their enemy is not non-violent. In fact, Israel has killed approximately 40,000 Palestinians since 1948. Tell me one reason why Israel deserves to be confronted by polite, obedient Palestinians who immolate themselves, rather than harm their enemy?
“Tell me one reason why Israel deserves to be confronted by polite, obedient Palestinians who immolate themselves, rather than harm their enemy?”
Uhh……Thou Shalt Not Kill?
@Trippin’ Jon: When Israeli forces kill 6 times more Palestinians than Palestinians kill Israelis, I think that commandment far more relevant to Israelis than Palestinians. Tell the IDF to stop killing Palestinians wantonly, then we can talk.
You may not publish more than three comments in any 24 hour period. Respect this comment rule.
@ Richard
” Anyone who would use a quaint, overblown word like “wordsmith” …has an overblown ego; or is living in a long-ago era.
Anyone? Like Bill Gates, anyone?
https://automatedinsights.com/wordsmith-for-spreadsheets-signup/
Okay. Now who else has an overblown ego and is living in the past?
@ Trappin’Jon: Bill Gates is certainly no example of a master of prose or the English language. If that’s your arbiter of prose styling no wonder you have arrogated to yourself the title of “wordsmith.”
Au contraire monsieur Silverstein. I daresay that as someone who has studied Islam, the fact that the Orlando and Nice attackers performed gay sex is actually a motivation.
Under many schools of Islam, a homosexual act is an extreme transgression towards god – punishable in this world by Death. The Death penalty is on the books for homosexuality in several Islamic countries –
http://www.thegayuk.com/where-in-the-world-is-homosexuality-punished-by-the-death-penalty/
Afghanistan, Brunei, Iran, Mauritania, Nigeria, Saudi Arabia, Sudan, United Arab Emirates, Yemen…. and of course “Islamic State” held territories.
The new convert, or returner to the faith who is gay – understands he has committed an extreme transgression if he performed an act of the men of Lot. If he continues to commit these acts (because this is his nature!) – the situation in terms of faith is even worse if he believes this is a sin he should be killed for….
Such a new convert or returner to the faith may feel an extreme need to redeem himself in the eyes of fellow believers and God.
Performing an act of Jihad and sacrificing one’s self on the way to becoming a Sahid (martyr) can be such an act of redemption that might even lead the repenter to heaven and might repair his standing (or rather memory) amongst the devout.
Thus it is far from surprising that a Gay (or Bi) newly devout extreme Muslim (and specifically an adherent of the Islamic state) would choose to redeem himself by an act of Jihad. To be a devout extreme Muslim and gay…. Is a severe conflict – whose resolution is either ceasing to be a devout extreme Muslim or martyrdom.
In the Israeli context, many of participants (not all, not necessarily most, but a large fraction) of the knife intafida are young people who want to commit suicide (suicide by cop/soldier as it may). Some of them didn’t really try to kill, but just came out brandishing a knife in the hope of being shot – thus repairing their (post mortem) social standing and any religious transgressions.
@ lepxii: Your argument is not relevant to the Nice attacker. He had absolutely no connection to Islam. As an atheist he was not moved by any Muslim precepts. So presuming, without any evidence to support you, that he had some miraculous revelation that made him realize the error of his ways and provoked this extreme response, is completely off-base.
If you accept that there are Jews or Christians (at least born that way) who are atheists and either have no relationship or a hostile relationship with their birth religion, why can’t you simply accept that there are Muslims with the same view? It is offensive that you insist, with no proof, that the killer was expiating for his sins.
@Richard
French police say suspect had accomplices and was radicalized over a long period.
http://www.nytimes.com/2016/07/22/world/europe/attacker-in-nice-plotted-for-months-and-had-accomplices-french-prosecutor-says.html?hp&action=click&pgtype=Homepage&clickSource=story-heading&module=first-column-region®ion=top-news&WT.nav=top-news&_r=0
@ Trippin’ Jon:
That’s not what the article actually says. It actually says that he planned the attacks over a long period. It does not say he was radicalized over a long period. In fact, it says authorities have as yet found no direct connection between the killer and Islamist groups.
It does note that he had three Muslim accomplices. It does say at least one had a criminal (but not Islamist) background. It also says that none of them were known or suspected by French intelligence. It also says there were images on the killer’s cell phone that may have some relation to ISIS. All of this is quite circumstantial & not definitive at all.
It’s possible his Islamist motives will become clearer over time. It’s just as possible they won’t.
“That’s not what the article actually says ”
No. It says,
“The authorities initially said they believed that Mr. Lahouaiej Bouhlel, who had not been particularly religious, had become rapidly radicalized over a few weeks before the attack. But on Thursday, Mr. Molins suggested that the attack had been planned for months”.
So he planned the attack for months, but was only radicalized for a few weeks?
Okay. I must have missed something.
@ Trippin’ Jon: You made a rhetorical leap unjustified by the actual words on the page. One French official said he had been rapidly radicalized without offering any proof. Now officials are saying he planned the attack over many months. There is no justified leap to saying that he therefore was radicalized over a longer period of time. There is simply no evidence he was radicalized at all. Yet. That may come or it may not.
As for missing something, indeed you did & do.
If there are some French reading people out there, here’s the link to the interview with Farhad Khosrokhavar, sociologist and research director at the most prominent institute of social sciences in France. It’s the most intelligent thing I’ve read among all the BS that has been published by media and socalled specialists who often seem to have a personal interest in these lunatics being classified as ‘Jihadis’ (being reinvited to respeak about Jihadis …)
To Khosrokhavar the Nice attack in neither a case of radicalization and probably not even terrorism which is a project to change society through organized terror as he states.
http://www.20minutes.fr/societe/1893831-20160719-attentat-nice-phenomene-tout-fait-different-radicalisation
Disturbed young men in Nice and Orlando. Olivier Roy says this about the phenomenon: “I think that these guys do not become radicalized because they become more and more religious. It is not religious radicalization that leads to political radicalization. When they became radical, they are religious. They frame their wrath in a religious narrative. They think they will go to paradise. It is Islamization of radicalization. I think Islam is the framework of the radicalization; it is not the primary cause. What I am saying, which there is a lot of misunderstanding about: It is not because they pray more and more, or go more and more to a mosque, that they become radicals. When they became radicals, they choose the religious narrative and believe in it.”
http://www.slate.com/articles/news_and_politics/interrogation/2016/06/olivier_roy_on_isis_brexit_orlando_and_the_islamization_of_radicalism.html
I know Roy’s idea of islamization of radicalization, and I’m sure it’s a useful tool in many cases but I’m not sure it’s worth much for the Nice attacker, after all because your first name is Mohammed, and ISIS claim you’re one of their soldiers doesn’t mean you’re a Jihadi. The nutcase in Nice was not religious at all according to everyone who knew him but everyone said he had mental problems. What I do know is that the politicians here and most media are trying to convince the public that this is a case of #RadicalisationExpress …. the guy turned Jihadi in two weeks, in fact he was the Usain Bolt of RapidRadicalization.
No. In this case it seems there really was no Islamist connection at all. Has that landed in France yet?
No, in fact yesterday we had a totally new version: this is not a case of “RapidRadicalization” but of radicalization with “weak signals”, it seems in fact that this bastard has planned the attack for at least one year (five people have been arrested).
http://edition.cnn.com/2016/07/21/europe/nice-france-attacker-plot-accomplices/index.html
According to cnn this attack was planned for months and there are others involved.